When data on PDGF A- and B-chains, as well as alpha- and beta-receptor expression are compiled and the pattern of receptor binding specificity is taken into account, the majority of glioma cell lines are found to have a phenotype that makes autocrine stimulation possible.
These predictions were validated using mouse modeling, showing that PDGFA is sufficient to induce proneural-like gliomas and that additional NF1 loss converts proneural to the mesenchymal subtype.
The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) has been used to amplify sequences coding for the platelet-derived growth factor A chain (PDGFA) using mRNA populations derived from two transformed cell lines (a human osteosarcoma, U-2OS, and a human glioma, U-343) and from human umbilical vein cells.
Although not sufficient on its own, IDH1<sup>R132H</sup> cooperated with PDGFA and loss of Cdkn2a, Atrx, and Pten to promote glioma development in vivo.